SDA question/problem
vmaxer
Posts: 5,117
I have a set of SDA SRS 1.2tl's...and am looking for help to correct an issue:
If I hook the speakers up without the interconnect and set the levels using the preamp's calibration function, the speakers outputs are the same on my SPL meter. I then connect the interconnect and the right one runs about 3db louder than the left one?? I can't seem to figure this one out. I swapped the crossovers between the speakers and it had no effect??
Any ideas??
If I hook the speakers up without the interconnect and set the levels using the preamp's calibration function, the speakers outputs are the same on my SPL meter. I then connect the interconnect and the right one runs about 3db louder than the left one?? I can't seem to figure this one out. I swapped the crossovers between the speakers and it had no effect??
Any ideas??
Pio Elete Pro 520
Panamax 5400-EX
Sunfire TGP 5
Micro Seiki DD-40 - Lyra-Dorian and Denon DL-160
PS Audio GCPH phono pre
Sunfire CG 200 X 5
Sunfire CG Sig 405 X 5
OPPO BDP-83 SE
SDA SRS 1.2TL Sonicaps and Mills
Ctr CS1000p
Sur - FX1000 x 4
SUB - SVS PB2-Plus
Workkout room:
Sony Bravia XBR- 32-Inch 1080p
Onkyo TX-DS898
GFA 555
Yamaha DVD-S1800BL/SACD
Ft - SDA 1C
Not being used:
RTi 38's -4
RT55i's - 2
RT25i's -2, using other 2 in shop
LSI 15's
CSi40
PSW 404
Panamax 5400-EX
Sunfire TGP 5
Micro Seiki DD-40 - Lyra-Dorian and Denon DL-160
PS Audio GCPH phono pre
Sunfire CG 200 X 5
Sunfire CG Sig 405 X 5
OPPO BDP-83 SE
SDA SRS 1.2TL Sonicaps and Mills
Ctr CS1000p
Sur - FX1000 x 4
SUB - SVS PB2-Plus
Workkout room:
Sony Bravia XBR- 32-Inch 1080p
Onkyo TX-DS898
GFA 555
Yamaha DVD-S1800BL/SACD
Ft - SDA 1C
Not being used:
RTi 38's -4
RT55i's - 2
RT25i's -2, using other 2 in shop
LSI 15's
CSi40
PSW 404
Post edited by vmaxer on
Comments
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Did you follow the "SDA balancing" procedure? I think it is posted in the Vintage speaker/ SDA thread.
I seem to remember several ppl reporting that the "balanced" location turned out to be 11oc or so..I don't remember exactly...So I think you have no worries...but check it out.
http://www.polkaudio.com/forums/showthread.php?t=85837 -
Did you follow the "SDA balancing" procedure? I think it is posted in the Vintage speaker/ SDA thread.
I seem to remember several ppl reporting that the "balanced" location turned out to be 11oc or so..I don't remember exactly...So I think you have no worries...but check it out.
http://www.polkaudio.com/forums/showthread.php?t=85837
Thanks,
I can do some of these tests, but not the ones that require a balance knob....don't have one:(
Additionally, if I unhook the interconnect cable, all eight drivers still function I just talked to Ken at Polk Audio and have some things to test out... But welcome all the advise I can get as these have about whipped me!!Pio Elete Pro 520
Panamax 5400-EX
Sunfire TGP 5
Micro Seiki DD-40 - Lyra-Dorian and Denon DL-160
PS Audio GCPH phono pre
Sunfire CG 200 X 5
Sunfire CG Sig 405 X 5
OPPO BDP-83 SE
SDA SRS 1.2TL Sonicaps and Mills
Ctr CS1000p
Sur - FX1000 x 4
SUB - SVS PB2-Plus
Workkout room:
Sony Bravia XBR- 32-Inch 1080p
Onkyo TX-DS898
GFA 555
Yamaha DVD-S1800BL/SACD
Ft - SDA 1C
Not being used:
RTi 38's -4
RT55i's - 2
RT25i's -2, using other 2 in shop
LSI 15's
CSi40
PSW 404 -
If all 8 are functioning with the interconnect removed, someone may have bypassed the SDA functions... I would begin by looking at both crossovers and the terminal plates to make certain no mods have been done.The Gear... Carver "Statement" Mono-blocks, Mcintosh C2300 Arcam AVR20, Oppo UDP-203 4K Blu-ray player, Sony XBR70x850B 4k, Polk Audio Legend L800 with height modules, L400 Center Channel Polk audio AB800 "in-wall" surrounds. Marantz MM7025 stereo amp. Simaudio Moon 680d DSD
“When once a Republic is corrupted, there is no possibility of remedying any of the growing evils but by removing the corruption and restoring its lost principles; every other correction is either useless or a new evil.”— Thomas Jefferson -
I have completed a couple quick tests...had to take a time out and mow the yard...
If I remove the neg cables from both speakers and plug the interconnect in all eight drivers work, the volume is very low, but they all work??Pio Elete Pro 520
Panamax 5400-EX
Sunfire TGP 5
Micro Seiki DD-40 - Lyra-Dorian and Denon DL-160
PS Audio GCPH phono pre
Sunfire CG 200 X 5
Sunfire CG Sig 405 X 5
OPPO BDP-83 SE
SDA SRS 1.2TL Sonicaps and Mills
Ctr CS1000p
Sur - FX1000 x 4
SUB - SVS PB2-Plus
Workkout room:
Sony Bravia XBR- 32-Inch 1080p
Onkyo TX-DS898
GFA 555
Yamaha DVD-S1800BL/SACD
Ft - SDA 1C
Not being used:
RTi 38's -4
RT55i's - 2
RT25i's -2, using other 2 in shop
LSI 15's
CSi40
PSW 404 -
Are you sure all 8 drivers functioning per speaker or are 4 playing and you just think sound is coming from the other 4?
No doubt, I have pulled all drivers out and know which ones are being powered..Pio Elete Pro 520
Panamax 5400-EX
Sunfire TGP 5
Micro Seiki DD-40 - Lyra-Dorian and Denon DL-160
PS Audio GCPH phono pre
Sunfire CG 200 X 5
Sunfire CG Sig 405 X 5
OPPO BDP-83 SE
SDA SRS 1.2TL Sonicaps and Mills
Ctr CS1000p
Sur - FX1000 x 4
SUB - SVS PB2-Plus
Workkout room:
Sony Bravia XBR- 32-Inch 1080p
Onkyo TX-DS898
GFA 555
Yamaha DVD-S1800BL/SACD
Ft - SDA 1C
Not being used:
RTi 38's -4
RT55i's - 2
RT25i's -2, using other 2 in shop
LSI 15's
CSi40
PSW 404 -
With the interconnect cable disconnected, the dimensional drivers will still move due to two reasons:
1. Air coupling within the cabinet (which is also how motion is transferred to the passive radiator).
2. There will still be a small amount of signal reaching the dimensional drivers, even if you remove the 7 other drivers, passive radiator, and tweeters so that there is no air coupling.
If you look at the crossover schematic, you will see that the dimensional drivers are not electrically disconnected from the crossover, and therefore the input signal, when the interconnect cable is disconnected. However, the dimensional drivers should never play as loud as the stereo drivers.
Bear in mind that speaker crossover circuits are more like traffic conductors rather than "brick wall" barriers. Even with the interconnect cable removed, there are certain frequencies that will make both the stereo and dimensional drivers move, just as there are certain frequencies that will make both the bass and midrange drivers move and again, the same with the tweeter and midrange drivers.
With my preamp's balance control set on "0", my right 1.2TL plays a 1 kHz test signal 1 dB louder (dB-C) than the left. With a 60 Hz test signal, the right 1.2TL is 1.5 dB louder than the left. I don't know how much of the disparity is due to electronics and how much is due to room interaction. The left speaker is 3 feet from a side wall and the right speaker is 15 feet from a side wall.I swapped the crossovers between the speakers and it had no effect??
This seems to indicate a channel imbalance in either your amp or preamp. Do you have another amp and preamp that you can swap out?Proud and loyal citizen of the Digital Domain and Solid State Country! -
DarqueKnight,
Thanks a lot for your reply, I do feel a lot better. I have had a long day at work and just don't feel like testing tonight. Hopefully tomorrow will be better and I will try a few things.
Over the weekend I did connect an old Onkyo TX-SV535 receiver, that has a balance control!!! First, it suprised me, the sound wasn't half bad.... Anyway, the speakers did function as they should per the quick tests - SDA functions procedure. The best balance was with the knob set to just before 11 o'clock.
I do have one question, when you state:
"With my preamp's balance control set on "0", my right 1.2TL plays a 1 kHz test signal 1 dB louder (dB-C) than the left. With a 60 Hz test signal, the right 1.2TL is 1.5 dB louder than the left. I don't know how much of the disparity is due to electronics and how much is due to room interaction. The left speaker is 3 feet from a side wall and the right speaker is 15 feet from a side wall."
Are you unhooking one speaker or moving in front of each one to test them...since you say your balance knob is on 0??
Thanks again!!Pio Elete Pro 520
Panamax 5400-EX
Sunfire TGP 5
Micro Seiki DD-40 - Lyra-Dorian and Denon DL-160
PS Audio GCPH phono pre
Sunfire CG 200 X 5
Sunfire CG Sig 405 X 5
OPPO BDP-83 SE
SDA SRS 1.2TL Sonicaps and Mills
Ctr CS1000p
Sur - FX1000 x 4
SUB - SVS PB2-Plus
Workkout room:
Sony Bravia XBR- 32-Inch 1080p
Onkyo TX-DS898
GFA 555
Yamaha DVD-S1800BL/SACD
Ft - SDA 1C
Not being used:
RTi 38's -4
RT55i's - 2
RT25i's -2, using other 2 in shop
LSI 15's
CSi40
PSW 404 -
I left both speakers connected. Measurements were taken standing 2 feet in front of each speaker.Proud and loyal citizen of the Digital Domain and Solid State Country!
-
"With my preamp's balance control set on "0", my right 1.2TL plays a 1 kHz test signal 1 dB louder (dB-C) than the left. With a 60 Hz test signal, the right 1.2TL is 1.5 dB louder than the left. I don't know how much of the disparity is due to electronics and how much is due to room interaction. The left speaker is 3 feet from a side wall and the right speaker is 15 feet from a side wall."
room acoustics would play a big factor in that result...The Gear... Carver "Statement" Mono-blocks, Mcintosh C2300 Arcam AVR20, Oppo UDP-203 4K Blu-ray player, Sony XBR70x850B 4k, Polk Audio Legend L800 with height modules, L400 Center Channel Polk audio AB800 "in-wall" surrounds. Marantz MM7025 stereo amp. Simaudio Moon 680d DSD
“When once a Republic is corrupted, there is no possibility of remedying any of the growing evils but by removing the corruption and restoring its lost principles; every other correction is either useless or a new evil.”— Thomas Jefferson -
Well, I've not been to do much lately, bot my daughter and I have bee sick a couple of times, she's just getting over the flu....
Quick question, when I am installing the crossover back onto the mount does it matter how the inductor is connected?? 2 wires, both black, same size connectors??
Thanks!!Pio Elete Pro 520
Panamax 5400-EX
Sunfire TGP 5
Micro Seiki DD-40 - Lyra-Dorian and Denon DL-160
PS Audio GCPH phono pre
Sunfire CG 200 X 5
Sunfire CG Sig 405 X 5
OPPO BDP-83 SE
SDA SRS 1.2TL Sonicaps and Mills
Ctr CS1000p
Sur - FX1000 x 4
SUB - SVS PB2-Plus
Workkout room:
Sony Bravia XBR- 32-Inch 1080p
Onkyo TX-DS898
GFA 555
Yamaha DVD-S1800BL/SACD
Ft - SDA 1C
Not being used:
RTi 38's -4
RT55i's - 2
RT25i's -2, using other 2 in shop
LSI 15's
CSi40
PSW 404 -
Well, I've not been to do much lately, bot my daughter and I have bee sick a couple of times, she's just getting over the flu....
Quick question, when I am installing the crossover back onto the mount does it matter how the inductor is connected?? 2 wires, both black, same size connectors??
Thanks!!
Not sure about your SDAs but my 1Cs have the wire labed P on circuit board going to left connector and one labled R going to the right.
Hopefully someone with more experience and knowledge will comment.Speakers: SDA-1C (most all the goodies)
Preamp: Joule Electra LA-150 MKII SE
Amp: Wright WPA 50-50 EAT KT88s
Analog: Marantz TT-15S1 MBS Glider SL| Wright WPP100C Amperex BB 6er5 and 7316 & WPM-100 SUT
Digital: Mac mini 2.3GHz dual-core i5 8g RAM 1.5 TB HDD Music Server Amarra (memory play) - USB - W4S DAC 2
Cables: Mits S3 IC and Spk cables| PS Audio PCs -
My boards are also labeled with a P and R, when you say right and left, what perspective, from top looking down with the connections at the top??Pio Elete Pro 520
Panamax 5400-EX
Sunfire TGP 5
Micro Seiki DD-40 - Lyra-Dorian and Denon DL-160
PS Audio GCPH phono pre
Sunfire CG 200 X 5
Sunfire CG Sig 405 X 5
OPPO BDP-83 SE
SDA SRS 1.2TL Sonicaps and Mills
Ctr CS1000p
Sur - FX1000 x 4
SUB - SVS PB2-Plus
Workkout room:
Sony Bravia XBR- 32-Inch 1080p
Onkyo TX-DS898
GFA 555
Yamaha DVD-S1800BL/SACD
Ft - SDA 1C
Not being used:
RTi 38's -4
RT55i's - 2
RT25i's -2, using other 2 in shop
LSI 15's
CSi40
PSW 404 -
I think the P and R connectors go to the large inductor.Please. Please contact me a ben62670 @ yahoo.com. Make sure to include who you are, and you are from Polk so I don't delete your email. Also I am now physically unable to work on any projects. If you need help let these guys know. There are many people who will help if you let them know where you are.
Thanks
Ben -
I think the P and R connectors go to the large inductor.
They do, but does it matter which way they are connected??Pio Elete Pro 520
Panamax 5400-EX
Sunfire TGP 5
Micro Seiki DD-40 - Lyra-Dorian and Denon DL-160
PS Audio GCPH phono pre
Sunfire CG 200 X 5
Sunfire CG Sig 405 X 5
OPPO BDP-83 SE
SDA SRS 1.2TL Sonicaps and Mills
Ctr CS1000p
Sur - FX1000 x 4
SUB - SVS PB2-Plus
Workkout room:
Sony Bravia XBR- 32-Inch 1080p
Onkyo TX-DS898
GFA 555
Yamaha DVD-S1800BL/SACD
Ft - SDA 1C
Not being used:
RTi 38's -4
RT55i's - 2
RT25i's -2, using other 2 in shop
LSI 15's
CSi40
PSW 404 -
My boards are also labeled with a P and R, when you say right and left, what perspective, from top looking down with the connections at the top??
yes, thats the way my 1Cs areSpeakers: SDA-1C (most all the goodies)
Preamp: Joule Electra LA-150 MKII SE
Amp: Wright WPA 50-50 EAT KT88s
Analog: Marantz TT-15S1 MBS Glider SL| Wright WPP100C Amperex BB 6er5 and 7316 & WPM-100 SUT
Digital: Mac mini 2.3GHz dual-core i5 8g RAM 1.5 TB HDD Music Server Amarra (memory play) - USB - W4S DAC 2
Cables: Mits S3 IC and Spk cables| PS Audio PCs -
They do, but does it matter which way they are connected??
No. The inductor is just a plain coil of wire.Proud and loyal citizen of the Digital Domain and Solid State Country! -
DarqueKnight wrote: »No. The inductor is just a plain coil of wire.
Many thanks DarqueKnight...Care to look at thie thread as it has a few of us puzzled???
http://www.polkaudio.com/forums/showthread.php?t=89204
I need to know if my speakers are wired correctly or not...Is the thin or wide terminal on the tweeters positive??Pio Elete Pro 520
Panamax 5400-EX
Sunfire TGP 5
Micro Seiki DD-40 - Lyra-Dorian and Denon DL-160
PS Audio GCPH phono pre
Sunfire CG 200 X 5
Sunfire CG Sig 405 X 5
OPPO BDP-83 SE
SDA SRS 1.2TL Sonicaps and Mills
Ctr CS1000p
Sur - FX1000 x 4
SUB - SVS PB2-Plus
Workkout room:
Sony Bravia XBR- 32-Inch 1080p
Onkyo TX-DS898
GFA 555
Yamaha DVD-S1800BL/SACD
Ft - SDA 1C
Not being used:
RTi 38's -4
RT55i's - 2
RT25i's -2, using other 2 in shop
LSI 15's
CSi40
PSW 404 -
The wide terminal is negative and should have the white wire connected to it.
In some 1.2TL's, both wires going to the tweeters are white, but the positive terminal wire will have a colored band near the ends.Proud and loyal citizen of the Digital Domain and Solid State Country! -
DarqueKnight wrote: »The wide terminal is negative and should have the white wire connected to it.
In some 1.2TL's, both wires going to the tweeters are white, but the positive terminal wire will have a colored band near the ends.
Thanks again, but I am getting a bit confused...Is the wiring connector correct?? Doesn't make sense to me....See photo, all white wires are on positive??Pio Elete Pro 520
Panamax 5400-EX
Sunfire TGP 5
Micro Seiki DD-40 - Lyra-Dorian and Denon DL-160
PS Audio GCPH phono pre
Sunfire CG 200 X 5
Sunfire CG Sig 405 X 5
OPPO BDP-83 SE
SDA SRS 1.2TL Sonicaps and Mills
Ctr CS1000p
Sur - FX1000 x 4
SUB - SVS PB2-Plus
Workkout room:
Sony Bravia XBR- 32-Inch 1080p
Onkyo TX-DS898
GFA 555
Yamaha DVD-S1800BL/SACD
Ft - SDA 1C
Not being used:
RTi 38's -4
RT55i's - 2
RT25i's -2, using other 2 in shop
LSI 15's
CSi40
PSW 404 -
I don't think Polk meant for their customers to ever look inside their speakers. One can easily get confused if all the "family secrets" aren't known.:)
If you compare the crossover schematics for the 1.2 and 1.2TL, you will see a lot of circuit layout similarities. One big difference is the polarity arrangement for the tweeter array.
The polarity markings in your picture are the same as those of the 1.2, so I suspect that you have a 1.2 board with 1.2TL parts. Polk had a practice of using up old parts from a previous model.Proud and loyal citizen of the Digital Domain and Solid State Country! -
I sometimes wish I hadn't "looked inside"...But then, I have learned a lot, and upgraded my crossovers and binding posts!Pio Elete Pro 520
Panamax 5400-EX
Sunfire TGP 5
Micro Seiki DD-40 - Lyra-Dorian and Denon DL-160
PS Audio GCPH phono pre
Sunfire CG 200 X 5
Sunfire CG Sig 405 X 5
OPPO BDP-83 SE
SDA SRS 1.2TL Sonicaps and Mills
Ctr CS1000p
Sur - FX1000 x 4
SUB - SVS PB2-Plus
Workkout room:
Sony Bravia XBR- 32-Inch 1080p
Onkyo TX-DS898
GFA 555
Yamaha DVD-S1800BL/SACD
Ft - SDA 1C
Not being used:
RTi 38's -4
RT55i's - 2
RT25i's -2, using other 2 in shop
LSI 15's
CSi40
PSW 404 -
I sometimes wish I had never gotten into audio...but it's too late to turn back now.:)Proud and loyal citizen of the Digital Domain and Solid State Country!
-
DarqueKnight wrote: »I sometimes wish I had never gotten into audio...but it's too late to turn back now.:)
If you ever decide you want out, I will come and pick up your equipment and care for it for as long as you want:o
I have very reasonable fees........ :eek:Pio Elete Pro 520
Panamax 5400-EX
Sunfire TGP 5
Micro Seiki DD-40 - Lyra-Dorian and Denon DL-160
PS Audio GCPH phono pre
Sunfire CG 200 X 5
Sunfire CG Sig 405 X 5
OPPO BDP-83 SE
SDA SRS 1.2TL Sonicaps and Mills
Ctr CS1000p
Sur - FX1000 x 4
SUB - SVS PB2-Plus
Workkout room:
Sony Bravia XBR- 32-Inch 1080p
Onkyo TX-DS898
GFA 555
Yamaha DVD-S1800BL/SACD
Ft - SDA 1C
Not being used:
RTi 38's -4
RT55i's - 2
RT25i's -2, using other 2 in shop
LSI 15's
CSi40
PSW 404 -
I have a set of SDA SRS 1.2tl's...and am looking for help to correct an issue:
If I hook the speakers up without the interconnect and set the levels using the preamp's calibration function, the speakers outputs are the same on my SPL meter. I then connect the interconnect and the right one runs about 3db louder than the left one?? I can't seem to figure this one out. I swapped the crossovers between the speakers and it had no effect??
Any ideas??
In reply to your original question, my right channel also is louder than the left. I have my balance control just below the 12 o'clock position. This seems inherent with the model as others have noted the same thing. I thought it may be room acoustics, but have had my TL's in 2 different homes with same result. I now have both speakers 6'-8" from the side walls and 6'-8" apart on the long wall of a rectangular room. Still, right speaker plays louder than the left, hence the balance control setting not dead on at 12 o'clock. I set the balance by ear and not yet used my sound level meter.Mains; SDA 1.2TL Silk Domes, upgraded xover, biamped w/DBX BX1 200wpc
Pre-amp: DBX CX1
Center: CS1000p Rear Surr.; f/x1000
Parasound HCA-1205A amp; Center & rear
Sub: SVS PB12-Ultra
DVD: Denon 3910
Tuner, FM: Onkyo Integra T-9090II
Cassette: Onkyo Integra TA-2090
VCRs: JVC HD4000U digital, HRS8000U SVHS
Signal Processing: DBX; 10/20 EQ, SNR-1, 120X-DS, 3BX-DS, DAV-600G Router, Onkyo EQ-35
Conditioning: Monster AVS2000, HTS5100MKII -
All 3 sets of my SDA's are perfectly balanced. The likely cause, if not room related, is your pre amp.Political Correctness'.........defined
"A doctrine fostered by a delusional, illogical minority and rabidly promoted by an unscrupulous mainstream media, which holds forth the proposition that it is entirely possible to pick up a t-u-r-d by the clean end."
President of Club Polk -
All 3 sets of my SDA's are perfectly balanced. The likely cause, if not room related, is your pre amp.
I have measured my pre amp outputs in the past and they are equal to 4 digits on a voltmeter. I have also swapped the right and left preamp outputs and the right speaker was still louder than the left. Maybe it has something to do with different values of xover components due to age or tolerance of the parts. I'll see what the volume levels are like after I upgrade my xovers with matched parts.Mains; SDA 1.2TL Silk Domes, upgraded xover, biamped w/DBX BX1 200wpc
Pre-amp: DBX CX1
Center: CS1000p Rear Surr.; f/x1000
Parasound HCA-1205A amp; Center & rear
Sub: SVS PB12-Ultra
DVD: Denon 3910
Tuner, FM: Onkyo Integra T-9090II
Cassette: Onkyo Integra TA-2090
VCRs: JVC HD4000U digital, HRS8000U SVHS
Signal Processing: DBX; 10/20 EQ, SNR-1, 120X-DS, 3BX-DS, DAV-600G Router, Onkyo EQ-35
Conditioning: Monster AVS2000, HTS5100MKII -
Hmmmm, have you tried swapping the crossovers and/or the drivers?Political Correctness'.........defined
"A doctrine fostered by a delusional, illogical minority and rabidly promoted by an unscrupulous mainstream media, which holds forth the proposition that it is entirely possible to pick up a t-u-r-d by the clean end."
President of Club Polk -
No, I have not tried swapping xovers or drivers. I just had my drivers out and I weighed each one. A +/- .4 ounce difference in the weight of 4 drivers from the same cabinet, same model # drivers. (almost a 1/2 ounce difference) Weight difference can be several things such as magnet weights, etc. But if higher weight is from more coils of wire used on a driver, this could make one louder than another. Normally speakers or motors would be wound with the same number of turns of wire. Possibly more turns were used on a speaker to keep the impedance within specs.
Less turns of wire would make one speaker louder than another due to less resistance and a lower impedance.Mains; SDA 1.2TL Silk Domes, upgraded xover, biamped w/DBX BX1 200wpc
Pre-amp: DBX CX1
Center: CS1000p Rear Surr.; f/x1000
Parasound HCA-1205A amp; Center & rear
Sub: SVS PB12-Ultra
DVD: Denon 3910
Tuner, FM: Onkyo Integra T-9090II
Cassette: Onkyo Integra TA-2090
VCRs: JVC HD4000U digital, HRS8000U SVHS
Signal Processing: DBX; 10/20 EQ, SNR-1, 120X-DS, 3BX-DS, DAV-600G Router, Onkyo EQ-35
Conditioning: Monster AVS2000, HTS5100MKII